HOT WATER EXTRACTION / STEAM CLEANING: Portable or truck-mounted equipment is used to spray a heated detergent solution into the carpet at a highly agitated pressure. Detergent is immediately extracted along with the loosened soil particles. The equipment’s vacuuming power, spray pressure, solution temperature, and operator skill will affect the results. Also, a system powered by a truck’s engine will be more effective than a machine powered by residential electric. NOTE: This method is usually effective for residential cleaning of most carpets and rugs.

SHAMPOO: Detergent solution is released onto carpet and rotary action converts the solution into foam as it works through the carpet. Once the solution has dried, the loosened soil residue is vacuumed. In some instances, chemicals may be added to the solution to aid odor reduction, hinder soiling, brighten colors and/or hasten drying time.

A COMBINATION OF HOT WATER EXTRACTION AND SHAMPOOING: This method can be effective for cleaning highly soiled carpets. The process involves first using the shampooing method to loosen soil. Second, the Hot Water Extraction method is performed using water rather than a detergent solution to remove the shampoo.

DRY FOAM: This is usually in an aerosol container and rubbed into the carpet with a dry sponge. Once dry, the residue is vacuumed away. NOTE: It is possible for some foams to leave a residue that is difficult to remove and will hinder future wet cleaning methods.

ABSORBENT DRY COMPOUND: A dry detergent/solvent is sprinkled and worked into carpet. The soil particles are encapsulated into the compound and can be vacuumed away.

BONNET CLEANING: This is the method frequently used in commercial buildings and should be used only by a trained professional. Detergent solution is sprayed onto an absorbent pad that is attached to the bottom of a rotary machine similar to a floor buffer. Once one side of the pad is soiled, the sides can be reversed. Once both sides get soiled, the pad can be replaced and later cleaned.

SPECIALIZED CARE:
Some carpet fibers may require specialized care. Below are some general guidelines:

COTTON/RAYON: Cotton and rayon can be cleaned using all methods, but because they are made of cellulosic fibers, browning can occur if there is prolonged drying. If over-wet, shrinking can occur as well.

SISAL AND OTHER PLANT FIBERS: The fibers are similar to cotton, so all cleaning methods can be used. However, dry extraction and dry foam extraction are highly recommended.

WOOL: Excessive heat should be avoided when cleaning wool, but all cleaning methods can be used. Bleach will damage wool and carpets of this type should be cleaned with neutral detergents and dried quickly so that yellowing will not occur.

SILK: It is recommended that a professional use a dry cleaning method. Silk fibers can lose strength when wet and can be damaged in high temperatures and sunlight.

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS CAUSED BY IMPROPER CLEANING:

Over-wetting of carpet can be caused by:
• Poorly adjusted hot water extraction equipment
• Passing over areas too many times with hot water extraction equipment
• Too much shampoo